Who created ssri?

One of them, fluoxetine hydrochloride, became the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) used in the antidepressant medication, Prozac.
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In 1952, learning of the stimulating side effects of isoniazid, the Cincinnati psychiatrist Max Lurie tried it on his patients. In the following year, he and Harry Salzer Reported that isoniazid improved depression in two-thirds of their patients and coined the term antidepressant to refer to its action.

In the early 1970s, Evidence for the role of serotonin in depression Was gathering just as concerns were growing about the side effects of MAO inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants. Scientists thus turned their attention to SSRIs , or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.

Although fluoxetine was the first SSRI approved and marketed in the United States, the clinical trials (Phase I-Phase III) lasted more than seven years and during that time Astra AB introduced the first SSRI Zimeldine (Zelmid®) To the European market in March 1982.

Paroxetine Is the most potent inhibitor of the reuptake of serotonin among the available SSRIs. It has approved indications for the treatment of major depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder and social phobia in adults.

Soon after in 1987, Fluoxetine Became the first US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI).

The most concentration of antidepressants by country between 2016 and 2020 comes from Iceland, Portugal, Canada, Australia and Sweden.
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Antidepressant Use by Country 2022.

In 1988 the pharmaceutical firm Eli Lilly and Company Introduced Prozac (fluoxetine), a new type of antidepressant that was safer and more effective than those of previous eras. The development of this groundbreaking drug was undertaken by three Eli Lilly researchers: Ray Fuller, David Wong, and Bryan Molloy.

SSRIs are usually the first choice medicine for depression because They generally have fewer side effects than most other types of antidepressant. As well as depression, SSRIs can be used to treat a number of other mental health conditions, including: generalised anxiety disorder (GAD)

Long-term use of psychiatric drugs may cause permanent brain damage, which has been most clearly documented for antipsychotics [20, 21]. Animal studies have shown that prenatal exposure to psychiatric drugs can lead to altered physiology and behaviour later in life [22, 23].

Scientists have long known that SSRIs rapidly increase the available amount of the neurotransmitter serotonin, leading to changes that go well beyond brain chemistry: Research suggests the drugs help reverse the neurological damage associated with depression by boosting the brain’s innate ability to repair and remodel …

A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor is often the first-line pharmacological treatment. The first-line medicine for patients with depression is generally a SSRI, e.g. citalopram, escitalopram, sertraline or fluoxetine (Tables 1 and 2).

And luckily, as long as the benefits of the medication outweigh the potential side effects, There’s no strong evidence that long-term use of SSRIs poses any major problems. “These medications have been around for decades,” says Dr. Jin Hee Yoon-Hudman, a psychiatrist and medical advisor at Minded.

SSRIs are generally considered safe to take long-term, says Maurizio Fava, executive vice chair of the department of psychiatry at Massachusetts General Hospital.

MYTH: Once on antidepressants, I’ll be on them for life. FACT: Not true. A general rule clinicians often use is that a person should be treated with antidepressants at least one-and-a-half times as long as the duration of the depressive episode before they can begin to be weaned off.

In 1955, Hoffmann-La Roche chemist Leo Sternbach serendipitously identified the first benzodiazepine, chlordiazepoxide (Librium). By 1960, Hoffmann-La Roche marketed it as Librium, and it pursued molecular modifications for enhanced activity.

Various methods and drugs were recommended and used for the therapy of depression in the 19th century, such as Baths and massage, ferrous iodide, arsenic, ergot, strophantin, and cinchona. Actual antidepressants have been known only for approximately 30 years.